Latest Update: Impact of current COVID-19 situation has been considered in this report while making the analysis.
Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market by Type (By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based), By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)), By Application (PCMOs, HDMOs, Hydraulic Fluids, Gear Oils, Others) And By Region (North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Middle East & Africa), Forecast From 2022 To 2030-report

Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market by Type (By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based), By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)), By Application (PCMOs, HDMOs, Hydraulic Fluids, Gear Oils, Others) And By Region (North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Middle East & Africa), Forecast From 2022 To 2030

Report ID: 218826 3300 Chemical & Material 377 234 Pages 4.7 (37)
                                          

Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market by Type (By Chemical Class (OCbased/PMbased/Styrenicbased), By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)), By Application (PCMOs, HDMOs, Hydraulic Fluids, Gear Oils) And By Region - North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Middle East & Africa. The global viscosity index improver market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.5% during the forecast period from 2021 to 2030. The growth of this market can be attributed to the increasing demand for high-performance lubricants in various industries such as automotive and industrial sectors. The major players in this industry are ExxonMobil Corporation; Chevron Corporation; Royal Dutch Shell plc.; BP plc.; Total S.A.; Sinopec Group; Saudi Aramco; Lukoil PJSC; Rosneft Oil Company PJSC; Kuwait Petroleum Corporation SPCO Ltd; Petrobras S.A., Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., and others.

  1. VII is a measure of the ability of a fluid to resist shear stress.
  2. VII is used in the oil and gas industry to measure the ability of fluids to flow through pipelines, and in the food industry as an indicator for how quickly sauces will thicken when heated.
  3. The VII number is calculated by measuring how much force it takes to move one millimeter per second through a fluid at 20 degrees Celsius, with higher numbers indicating more viscous fluids that are more resistant to shear stress.
  4. The most common type of VII improver is guar gum, which can be found in many processed foods such as ice cream, salad dressing, and yogurt.
  5. Guar gum has been shown to have positive effects on blood sugar levels.

Industry Growth Insights published a new data on “Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market”. The research report is titled “Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market research by Types (By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based), By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)), By Applications (PCMOs, HDMOs, Hydraulic Fluids, Gear Oils, Others), By Players/Companies Chevron Oronite, Evonik, Infineum, Lubrizol, Paras Lubricants Limited, AMTECOL, Croda International, LANXESS, Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricant Additives, Nanjing Runyou Chemical Industry Additive, Sanyo Chemical Industries, Shenyang Great Wall Lubricating Oil Manufacturing”.

Scope Of The Report

Report Attributes

Report Details

Report Title

Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Research Report

By Type

By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based), By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)

By Application

PCMOs, HDMOs, Hydraulic Fluids, Gear Oils, Others

By Companies

Chevron Oronite, Evonik, Infineum, Lubrizol, Paras Lubricants Limited, AMTECOL, Croda International, LANXESS, Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricant Additives, Nanjing Runyou Chemical Industry Additive, Sanyo Chemical Industries, Shenyang Great Wall Lubricating Oil Manufacturing

Regions Covered

North America, Europe, APAC, Latin America, MEA

Base Year

2021

Historical Year

2019 to 2020 (Data from 2010 can be provided as per availability)

Forecast Year

2030

Number of Pages

234

Number of Tables & Figures

164

Customization Available

Yes, the report can be customized as per your need.


Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Industry Outlook


Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Report Segments:

The global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry market is segmented on the basis of:

Types

By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based), By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)

The product segment provides information about the market share of each product and the respective CAGR during the forecast period. It lays out information about the product pricing parameters, trends, and profits that provides in-depth insights of the market. Furthermore, it discusses latest product developments & innovation in the market.

Applications

PCMOs, HDMOs, Hydraulic Fluids, Gear Oils, Others

The application segment fragments various applications of the product and provides information on the market share and growth rate of each application segment. It discusses the potential future applications of the products and driving and restraining factors of each application segment.

Some of the companies that are profiled in this report are:

  1. Chevron Oronite
  2. Evonik
  3. Infineum
  4. Lubrizol
  5. Paras Lubricants Limited
  6. AMTECOL
  7. Croda International
  8. LANXESS
  9. Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricant Additives
  10. Nanjing Runyou Chemical Industry Additive
  11. Sanyo Chemical Industries
  12. Shenyang Great Wall Lubricating Oil Manufacturing

Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Overview


Highlights of The Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Report:

  1. The market structure and projections for the coming years.
  2. Drivers, restraints, opportunities, and current trends of market.
  3. Historical data and forecast.
  4. Estimations for the forecast period 2030.
  5. Developments and trends in the market.
  6. By Type:

    1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
    2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
  1. By Application:

    1. PCMOs
    2. HDMOs
    3. Hydraulic Fluids
    4. Gear Oils
    5. Others
  1. Market scenario by region, sub-region, and country.
  2. Market share of the market players, company profiles, product specifications, SWOT analysis, and competitive landscape.
  3. Analysis regarding upstream raw materials, downstream demand, and current market dynamics.
  4. Government Policies, Macro & Micro economic factors are also included in the report.

We have studied the Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market in 360 degrees via. both primary & secondary research methodologies. This helped us in building an understanding of the current market dynamics, supply-demand gap, pricing trends, product preferences, consumer patterns & so on. The findings were further validated through primary research with industry experts & opinion leaders across countries. The data is further compiled & validated through various market estimation & data validation methodologies. Further, we also have our in-house data forecasting model to predict market growth up to 2030.

Regional Analysis

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • Middle East & Africa
  • Latin America

Note: A country of choice can be added in the report at no extra cost. If more than one country needs to be added, the research quote will vary accordingly.

The geographical analysis part of the report provides information about the product sales in terms of volume and revenue in regions. It lays out potential opportunities for the new entrants, emerging players, and major players in the region. The regional analysis is done after considering the socio-economic factors and government regulations of the countries in the regions.

How you may use our products:

  • Correctly Positioning New Products
  • Market Entry Strategies
  • Business Expansion Strategies
  • Consumer Insights
  • Understanding Competition Scenario
  • Product & Brand Management
  • Channel & Customer Management
  • Identifying Appropriate Advertising Appeals

Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Statistics

8 Reasons to Buy This Report

  1. Includes a Chapter on the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic On the Market
  2. Report Prepared After Conducting Interviews with Industry Experts & Top Designates of the Companies in the Market
  3. Implemented Robust Methodology to Prepare the Report
  4. Includes Graphs, Statistics, Flowcharts, and Infographics to Save Time
  5. Industry Growth Insights Provides 24/5 Assistance Regarding the Doubts in the Report
  6. Provides Information About the Top-winning Strategies Implemented by Industry Players.
  7. In-depth Insights On the Market Drivers, Restraints, Opportunities, and Threats
  8. Customization of the Report Available

Frequently Asked Questions?


The Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) industry is a $2.5 billion global market that consists of companies that develop and commercialize viscosity index improvers. These products are used to improve the flow, stability, and consistency of liquids and pastes.

Some of the key players operating in the viscosity index improvers (vii) industry market are Chevron Oronite, Evonik, Infineum, Lubrizol, Paras Lubricants Limited, AMTECOL, Croda International, LANXESS, Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricant Additives, Nanjing Runyou Chemical Industry Additive, Sanyo Chemical Industries, Shenyang Great Wall Lubricating Oil Manufacturing.

The viscosity index improvers (vii) industry market is expected to register a CAGR of 4.5%.

                                            
1. Executive Summary

2. Assumptions and Acronyms Used

3. Research Methodology

4. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Overview
   4.1. Introduction
      4.1.1. Market Taxonomy
      4.1.2. Market Definition
   4.2. Macro-Economic Factors
      4.2.1. Industry Outlook
   4.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Dynamics
      4.3.1. Market Drivers
      4.3.2. Market Restraints
      4.3.3. Opportunity
      4.3.4. Market Trends
   4.4. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market - Supply Chain
   4.5. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Forecast
      4.5.1. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size (US$ Mn) and Y-o-Y Growth
      4.5.2. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size (000’ Units) and Y-o-Y Growth
      4.5.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Absolute $ Opportunity

5. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast by Type
   5.1. Market Trends
   5.2. Introduction
      5.2.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Type
      5.2.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Type
   5.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Type
      5.3.1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
      5.3.2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
   5.4. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Type
   5.5. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis by Type

6. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast by Application
   6.1. Market Trends
   6.2. Introduction
      6.2.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Application
      6.2.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Application
   6.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application
      6.3.1. PCMOs
      6.3.2. HDMOs
      6.3.3. Hydraulic Fluids
      6.3.4. Gear Oils
      6.3.5. Others
   6.4. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Application
   6.5. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis by Application

7. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast by Sales Channel
   7.1. Market Trends
   7.2. Introduction
      7.2.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Sales Channel 
      7.2.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Sales Channel
   7.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Sales Channel 
      7.3.1. Manufacturer/Distributor/Service Provider
      7.3.2. Aftermarket
   7.4. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Sales Channel
   7.5. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis by Sales Channel

8. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast by Region
   8.1. Market Trends
   8.2. Introduction
      8.2.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Region
      8.2.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Region
   8.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Region
      8.3.1. North America
      8.3.2. Latin America
      8.3.3. Europe
      8.3.4. Asia Pacific
      8.3.5. Middle East and Africa (MEA)
   8.4. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Region
   8.5. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis by Region
   8.6. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Demand Share Forecast, 2019-2026

9. North America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast
   9.1. Introduction
      9.1.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
      9.1.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Country
   9.2. North America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Country
      9.2.1. U.S.
      9.2.2. Canada
   9.3. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   9.4. North America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application
      9.4.1. PCMOs
      9.4.2. HDMOs
      9.4.3. Hydraulic Fluids
      9.4.4. Gear Oils
      9.4.5. Others
   9.5. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Application
   9.6. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Application
   9.7. North America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Type
      9.7.1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
      9.7.2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
   9.8. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Type
   9.9. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Type
   9.10. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis
      9.10.1. By Country
      9.10.2. By Product Type
      9.10.3. By Application
      9.10.4. By Sales Channel
   9.11. North America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Demand Share Forecast, 2019-2026

10. Latin America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast
   10.1. Introduction
      10.1.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
      10.1.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Country
      10.1.3. Latin America Average Pricing Analysis
   10.2. Latin America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Country
      10.2.1. Brazil
      10.2.2. Mexico
      10.2.3. Rest of Latin America
   10.3. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   10.4. Latin America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application
      10.4.1. PCMOs
      10.4.2. HDMOs
      10.4.3. Hydraulic Fluids
      10.4.4. Gear Oils
      10.4.5. Others
   10.5. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Application
   10.6. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Application
   10.7. Latin America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Type
      10.7.1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
      10.7.2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
   10.8. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Type
   10.9. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Type
   10.10. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis
      10.10.1. By Country
      10.10.2. By Product Type
      10.10.3. By Application
      10.10.4. By Sales Channel
   10.11. Latin America Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Demand Share Forecast, 2019-2026

11. Europe Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast
   11.1. Introduction
      11.1.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
      11.1.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Country
      11.1.3. Europe Average Pricing Analysis
   11.2. Europe Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Country
      11.2.1. Germany
      11.2.2. France
      11.2.3. Italy
      11.2.4. U.K.
      11.2.5. Spain
      11.2.6. Russia
      11.2.7. Rest of Europe
   11.3. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   11.4. Europe Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application
      11.4.1. PCMOs
      11.4.2. HDMOs
      11.4.3. Hydraulic Fluids
      11.4.4. Gear Oils
      11.4.5. Others
   11.5. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Application
   11.6. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Application
   11.7. Europe Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Type
      11.7.1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
      11.7.2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
   11.8. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Type
   11.9. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Type
   11.10. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis
      11.10.1. By Country
      11.10.2. By Product Type
      11.10.3. By Application
      11.10.4. By Sales Channel
   11.11. Europe Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Demand Share, 2019-2026

12. Asia Pacific Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast
   12.1. Introduction
      12.1.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
      12.1.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Country
      12.1.3. Asia Pacific Average Pricing Analysis
   12.2. Asia Pacific Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Country
      12.2.1. China
      12.2.2. Japan
      12.2.3. South Korea
      12.2.4. India
      12.2.5. Australia
      12.2.6. Rest of Asia Pacific (APAC)
   12.3. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   12.4. Asia Pacific Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application
      12.4.1. PCMOs
      12.4.2. HDMOs
      12.4.3. Hydraulic Fluids
      12.4.4. Gear Oils
      12.4.5. Others
   12.5. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Application
   12.6. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Application
   12.7. Asia Pacific Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Type
      12.7.1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
      12.7.2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
   12.8. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Type
   12.9. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Type
   12.10. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis
      12.10.1. By Country
      12.10.2. By Product Type
      12.10.3. By Application
      12.10.4. By Sales Channel
   12.11. Asia Pacific Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Demand Share, 2019-2026

13. Middle East & Africa Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Analysis and Forecast
   13.1. Introduction
      13.1.1. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Country
      13.1.2. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Country
      13.1.3. Asia Pacific Average Pricing Analysis
   13.2. Middle East & Africa Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Country
      13.2.1. Saudi Arabia
      13.2.2. South Africa
      13.2.3. UAE
      13.2.4. Rest of Middle East & Africa (MEA)
   13.3. Absolute $ Opportunity Assessment by Country
   13.4. Middle East & Africa Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Application
      13.4.1. PCMOs
      13.4.2. HDMOs
      13.4.3. Hydraulic Fluids
      13.4.4. Gear Oils
      13.4.5. Others
   13.5. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Application
   13.6. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Application
   13.7. Middle East & Africa Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market Size and Volume Forecast by Type
      13.7.1. By Chemical Class (OCP-based/PMA-based/Styrenics-based)
      13.7.2. By Viscosity Grade (Multigrade Oils/Monograde Oils)
   13.8. Basis Point Share (BPS) Analysis by Type
   13.9. Y-o-Y Growth Projections by Type
   13.10. Market Attractiveness/Growth Potential Analysis
      13.10.1. By Country
      13.10.2. By Product Type
      13.10.3. By Application
      13.10.4. By Sales Channel
   13.11. Middle East & Africa Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Demand Share, 2019-2026

14. Competition Landscape
   14.1. Global Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market: Market Share Analysis
   14.2. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Distributors and Customers
   14.3. Viscosity Index Improvers (VII) Industry Market: Competitive Dashboard
   14.4. Company Profiles (Details – Overview, Financials, Developments, Strategy) 
      14.4.1. Chevron Oronite
         14.4.1.1. Overview
         14.4.1.2. Financials
         14.4.1.3. Developments
         14.4.1.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.2. Evonik
         14.4.2.1. Overview
         14.4.2.2. Financials
         14.4.2.3. Developments
         14.4.2.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.3. Infineum
         14.4.3.1. Overview
         14.4.3.2. Financials
         14.4.3.3. Developments
         14.4.3.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.4. Lubrizol
         14.4.4.1. Overview
         14.4.4.2. Financials
         14.4.4.3. Developments
         14.4.4.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.5. Paras Lubricants Limited
         14.4.5.1. Overview
         14.4.5.2. Financials
         14.4.5.3. Developments
         14.4.5.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.6. AMTECOL
         14.4.6.1. Overview
         14.4.6.2. Financials
         14.4.6.3. Developments
         14.4.6.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.7. Croda International
         14.4.7.1. Overview
         14.4.7.2. Financials
         14.4.7.3. Developments
         14.4.7.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.8. LANXESS
         14.4.8.1. Overview
         14.4.8.2. Financials
         14.4.8.3. Developments
         14.4.8.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.9. Jinzhou Kangtai Lubricant Additives
         14.4.9.1. Overview
         14.4.9.2. Financials
         14.4.9.3. Developments
         14.4.9.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.10. Nanjing Runyou Chemical Industry Additive
         14.4.10.1. Overview
         14.4.10.2. Financials
         14.4.10.3. Developments
         14.4.10.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.11. Sanyo Chemical Industries
         14.4.11.1. Overview
         14.4.11.2. Financials
         14.4.11.3. Developments
         14.4.11.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.12. Shenyang Great Wall Lubricating Oil Manufacturing
         14.4.12.1. Overview
         14.4.12.2. Financials
         14.4.12.3. Developments
         14.4.12.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.13. COMPANY 13
         14.4.13.1. Overview
         14.4.13.2. Financials
         14.4.13.3. Developments
         14.4.13.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.14. COMPANY 14
         14.4.14.1. Overview
         14.4.14.2. Financials
         14.4.14.3. Developments
         14.4.14.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.15. COMPANY 15
         14.4.15.1. Overview
         14.4.15.2. Financials
         14.4.15.3. Developments
         14.4.15.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.16. COMPANY 16
         14.4.16.1. Overview
         14.4.16.2. Financials
         14.4.16.3. Developments
         14.4.16.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.17. COMPANY 17
         14.4.17.1. Overview
         14.4.17.2. Financials
         14.4.17.3. Developments
         14.4.17.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.18. COMPANY 18
         14.4.18.1. Overview
         14.4.18.2. Financials
         14.4.18.3. Developments
         14.4.18.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.19. COMPANY 19
         14.4.19.1. Overview
         14.4.19.2. Financials
         14.4.19.3. Developments
         14.4.19.4. Strategic Outlook
      14.4.20. COMPANY 20
         14.4.20.1. Overview
         14.4.20.2. Financials
         14.4.20.3. Developments
         14.4.20.4. Strategic Outlook

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